![]() Vary your signal phrases to suit your interpretation of borrowed material and also to keep reader’s interest. ![]() These verbs are in the present tense, typical of writing in the humanities.Įxamples: describes, explains, notes, observes, says, thinks, writesĮxamples: asks, concludes, considers, predicts, proposes, shows, speculates, suggests, supposesĮxamples: claims, contends, defends, holds, insists, maintainsĮxamples: warns, bemoans, complains, condemns, deplores, deprecates, derides, lamentsĮxamples: admits, agrees, concedes, grants Signal phrases often include verbs that indicate the source author’s attitude or approach to what he or she says. It signals the coming of the quote but doesn’t necessarily quote large amounts rather, the writer focuses on representing only the key ideas needed from the original quote. This last version creates a smooth integration because it focuses on integrating the original ideas in smoothly with the writer’s own ideas. A couple of examples of white privilege that I benefit from are…. In her essay, ”White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack,” Peggy McIntosh describes white privilege as “an invisible package of unearned assets” which white people in America benefit from in numerous ways unawares. Quotation with signal phrase (Smooth integration)Īlthough many people do not want to acknowledge white privilege, it does exist. However, note that the point of view changes from third person to first person, which creates an awkwardness. ![]() In this example, you can see that the writer has integrate the quote in by including the source as well as a verb signaling the quote to come. In her essay, ”White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack,” Peggy McIntosh describes white privilege as “an invisible package of unearned assets which I can count on cashing in each day, but about which I was “meant” to remain oblivious.” White people in America benefit from white privilege in numerous ways. Quotation with signal phrase (Uneasy integration)Īlthough many people do not want to acknowledge white privilege, it does exist. It is never a good idea to drop a quote in to speak for you. It assumes that the reader knows about the quote and uses it instead to substitute for the writer’s own words or ideas. This makes it clear that a dropped quote lacks a sense of audience. The reader has no idea who the writer is or where the quote comes from. This particular quote is clearly dropped. “White privilege is an invisible package of unearned assets which I can count on cashing in each day, but about which I was “meant” to remain oblivious.” White people in America benefit from white privilege in numerous ways. To provide a clear signal to the reader that a quote is coming, use signal phrases, which typically includes author’s name, often includes title of work, and sometimes includes background information and experience of author.Īlthough many people do not want to acknowledge white privilege, it does exist. Whenever you use quotations, readers need to move from your own words to the words of a source without feeling a jolt. Quotations, or the exact words of the writer, are one form of an outside source. Whenever you use an outside source in your writing, which is any information that is not common knowledge or an original idea, you must indicate to the reader where it is from.
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